If you’re expecting a baby, taking care of your oral health is just as important as ever. In fact, due to hormonal changes during pregnancy, you may be at a higher risk for certain dental problems, such as gingivitis (gum inflammation) and pregnancy tumors (overgrowths of gum tissue). But does that mean you should put off necessary dental work until after you’ve given birth? The short answer is no – with a few precautions, most dental procedures are perfectly safe during pregnancy.
Why Dental Care Matters When You’re Pregnant
Maintaining good oral hygiene is crucial when you’re pregnant. Not only can poor dental health put you at risk for gum disease and other infections, but some studies have linked gum disease to preterm birth and low birth weight. Pregnancy can also cause morning sickness, which exposes your teeth to increased acid from vomiting. This can erode tooth enamel and increase your risk of cavities.
When Is the Best Time for Treatment?
The ideal time to get any non-emergency dental work done is during the second trimester (weeks 14-20). During the first trimester, your baby’s organs are still developing, so there is a slightly higher theoretical risk from any medications or procedures. The third trimester can also be uncomfortable for extended dental work as your belly continues to grow.
However, don’t put off any urgently needed dental care just to wait for the second trimester window. Treating issues like severe pain, infection, or trauma should take priority whenever they arise during pregnancy. Your dentist can take precautions to keep you and your baby safe.
What Dental Procedures Are Safe?
Most routine dental procedures are considered safe during pregnancy, including:
- Cleanings and exams
- X-rays with abdominal shielding
- Fillings
- Root canals
- Crowns
- Extractions
- Treatment for gum disease
More extensive procedures like oral surgery, complex extractions, or dental implant placement may need to be postponed if possible until after you give birth. This minimizes any risks from anesthesia, antibiotics, or other medications.
While amalgam (metal) fillings are considered safe, many dentists now prefer to use composite (tooth-colored) fillings for pregnant patients when possible as an added precaution.
Special Precautions
For any dental work during pregnancy, there are a few key precautions your dentist should take:
Medicines: Avoid or minimize use of prescription medications, especially during the first trimester when possible. Local anesthetics like lidocaine are considered safe, but your dentist may prefer not to use epinephrine. Antibiotics may be prescribed if absolutely necessary.
X-rays: Dental X-rays use very low radiation, but your dentist will likely minimize exposures by only taking what is absolutely needed during pregnancy. They should also use abdominal shielding.
Positioning: You’ll need to avoid lying flat on your back for extended periods, which can restrict blood flow. Your dentist may reposition you from side-to-side or use additional cushions.
Treatment duration: Long appointments may be split into a few shorter visits for your comfort.
Bleeding: Pregnancy can increase the risk of bleeding gums during dental work, so your dentist may take extra precautions to control any bleeding.
Tell Your Dentist
The most important step is to let your dentist know that you are pregnant or think you may be as soon as possible. This allows them to take all the necessary precautions to provide safe care for you and your baby. Don’t skip routine visits or put off procedures unnecessarily – keeping your mouth healthy is an important part of prenatal care.
Most dental offices follow strict guidelines and protocols for treating pregnant patients safely. With some minor adjustments and precautions from your dentist, you can get the dental work you need without jeopardizing the health of you or your baby. If you have any concerns, don’t hesitate to ask your dentist to explain the benefits and safety measures for any recommended treatments.